Now, the honor and distinction of who was the first black player in MLB depends on whom you talk to. Many Baseball experts and historians give that honor to Moses "Fleetwood" Walker. Walker was a catcher who played for the Toledo Blue Stockings of the American Association during the 1884 season. Walker played for a total of 42 games that season. Another name that comes up is William Edward White who was known as Bill White. White played for the Providence Grays of the National League for just one single game, getting a hit and scoring a run. Other names that come up are Bud Fowler, Frank Grant and Sol White. But generally, Moses Walker is deemed to be the first black player in MLB before the enactment of the so called "Gentlemen's Agreement." Before I go into Jackie Robinson, I wanted to shed some light on what the "Gentleman's Agreement" entailed.
To put it simply, the "Gentlemen's Agreement" barred black and colored players from playing in organized baseball that was affiliated with the National Association of Professional Baseball Leagues. This included teams on the Major, Minor and even the independent level. This opened the door for the rise of the Negro Leagues and the integration of many an international league throughout Latin America. This is where Jackie Robinson comes in.
Jackie was the first black player to break the color line created by the "Gentleman's Agreement." By his taking the field on April 15, 1947 and being subjected to the vitriol and hatred by many a fan and fellow ballplayer, Jackie broke down the ignorant color line that kept black players from playing in the Majors since the 1880s. To say he was the first ever is inaccurate. But the first since the segregation of the Majors? That is correct. There is a difference. Just wanted to clarify what the difference was.
Thank you Jackie Robinson for your courage, poise, bravery and strength during those trying days when you helped to bring about change within an unjust and ignorant system. Thank you to Moses "Fleetwood" Walker, William Edward White, Frank Grant, Bud Fowler, Sol White and any other black pioneers lost to time.
For Further Reading:
- Moses Fleetwood Walker: The Forgotten Man Who Actually Integrated Baseball by Barry Regan from Bleacher Report dated April 16, 2012
- Acclaim Comes Late for Baseball Pioneer by Hillel Kuttler from the New York Times dated April 14, 2013
- The First Black Player in Major-League History by Stefan Fatsis from Slate.com
- Baseball's Secret Pioneer by Peter Morris and Stefan Fatsis from Slate.com
- First Black Player in Major Leagues? Hint: It Wasn't Jackie Robinson by Zach Helfand from the Los Angeles Times dated September 20, 2014
- Black History: First Black Major League Baseball Player by Jason Lewis from the Los Angeles Sentinel dated July 6, 2011